Dao động MomentumScalpingMean Reversion Có trong Builder
Williams %R
Williams %R shows where the close sits inside the recent high–low range on an inverted −100 to 0 scale. It is the fastest of the common bounded oscillators, with no signal line and no smoothing, which makes it a scalping tool rather than a swing one.
- Default period
- 14
- Common levels
- −20 / −80
- Indicator range
- −100 to 0
Minh họa — dữ liệu tổng hợp, không phải giá thực.
What Williams %R tells you
Williams %R is the raw version of the same question Stochastic asks: where in the recent range did this bar close? It applies no smoothing at all, so it reaches its extremes sooner and stays there for shorter — useful when you want speed, punishing when you want reliability.
- Above −20: closes are clustering at the top of the range
- Below −80: closes are clustering at the bottom
- The scale is inverted — 0 is the strong end, −100 the weak one
- 1 Find the high–low range of the last N bars
- 2 Measure the close down from the high
- 3 Express it as −100 to 0
Hiển thị công thức & chi tiết tính toán
Williams %R measures the close against the top of the recent range:
- Over the last N bars, find the highest high and the lowest low.
- Measure how far the current close sits below that highest high.
- Express that distance as a percentage of the whole range, negated:
%R = −100 × (Highest High − Close) / (Highest High − Lowest Low).
A close exactly at the highest high gives 0; a close at the lowest low gives −100. No smoothing is applied at any stage — the value published on buffer 0 is the raw ratio for the current bar, which is why %R can travel from one extreme to the other in a single bar and why it produces far more extreme readings than Stochastic on the same data.
The relationship to Stochastic is exact rather than approximate: %R = %K − 100 for the unsmoothed case. They are the same measurement on two scales, and the difference in behaviour comes entirely from the smoothing Stochastic applies and %R does not.
In MQL5 the call is iWPR(symbol, period, calc_period) and it returns a handle to a single buffer. There is no applied-price argument and no signal line. Larry Williams introduced %R in the 1970s.
Tín hiệu
Các tín hiệu có thể backtest của Williams %R — và điều kiện thị trường phù hợp với từng tín hiệu.
Leaving the Extreme
Sẵn sàng trong BuilderCentreline Cross
Sẵn sàng trong BuilderDivergence
Logic nâng caoTriển khai trong MT5
Những gì MetaTrader 5 thực sự tính và vẽ — cơ sở tham chiếu cho mọi quy tắc trên trang này.
Bộ đệm
| Chỉ số | Bộ đệm | MT5 vẽ dưới dạng | Chứa gì |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | MAIN_LINE | Line | The %R value, from −100 (close at the bottom of the range) to 0 (close at the top). One buffer only — there is no signal line. |
Ghi chú nền tảng
Hoạt động tốt nhất / sử dụng cẩn thận
Không có chỉ báo nào có lợi thế toàn diện. Đây là nơi Williams %R hỗ trợ — và nơi nó gây hiểu lầm.
Hoạt động tốt nhất
- Ranging markets
- Short-horizon entries
- Tight-spread instruments and sessions
- With a session or volatility filter
Sử dụng cẩn thận
- Strong one-way trends
- Wide-spread pairs
- Extremes as standalone entries
- Optimised levels without validation
Xây dựng chiến lược Williams %R
Kết nối tín hiệu vào quy tắc vào lệnh và thoát lệnh, sau đó xuất EA MT5 có thể biên dịch — không cần code.
- Williams %R (14)
- %R below −80 → Open Buy · SL 15 / TP 20
- %R above −20 → Open Sell
- Break-even at +10 pips, locking 2
Kết hợp Williams %R với các chỉ báo khác
Một chỉ báo hiếm khi đứng một mình. Các cặp kết hợp này bù đắp điểm mù của Williams %R.
Williams %R + Bollinger Bands
- %R below −80
- Price at lower band
- Buy
No single-flow template pairs Williams %R with Bollinger Bands — the portfolio template that holds both runs them as separate legs. Start from Williams Scalper and add band nodes with a Price node into a Compare.
Mở Builder →Williams %R + ADX
- ADX < 20
- %R below −80
- Buy
No single-flow template pairs Williams %R with ADX. Start from Williams Scalper and add an ADX node with a Compare below 20.
Mở Builder →Williams %R + ATR
- %R below −80
- ATR sets the stop distance
- Buy
No single-flow template pairs Williams %R with ATR. Add an ATR node feeding a risk-based lot or stop node.
Mở Builder →Tham số
Giá trị ban đầu để xác nhận trên cặp tiền và khung thời gian của bạn — không phải cài đặt được đảm bảo.
| Tham số | Mặc định | Khoảng thử nghiệm đề xuất | Chức năng |
|---|---|---|---|
| Period | 14 | 5–30 | How many bars the high–low range is measured over. Shorter makes %R touch its extremes almost every bar; longer makes an extreme mean something. |
| Overbought / Oversold | −20 / −80 | −10 to −30 / −70 to −90 | Your levels, not indicator inputs — iWPR has no threshold argument. Remember the scale is inverted: −20 is the strong end. |
| Shift | 0 | 0–3 | Which bar back the value is read from. Shift 1 compares against a fully closed bar, which matters more here than on slower oscillators. |
Cài đặt sẵn ban đầu
Scalping 9 Very fast, needs tight spreads
Standard 14 Williams' default baseline
Swing 28 Fewer, more meaningful extremes
Ví dụ thị trường
Nơi Williams %R hoạt động, nơi nó thất bại, và bộ lọc thay đổi kết quả như thế nào.
Fade inside a session range
In a quiet London range %R drops under −80, price stalls and the short move back plays out — the horizon the scalping template is built for.
Pinned in a trend
In a directional session %R sits above −20 for most of the day. Selling every reading fights the move and pays the spread each time.
Session filter earns its keep
The same extremes appear outside the London session on a wider spread and are all skipped — on a 20-pip target the spread decides whether the trade was ever viable.
Các chỉ báo liên quan
FAQ
- Is Williams %R the same as Stochastic?
- Almost. Both measure where the close sits in the recent high–low range. %R reports it on an inverted −100 to 0 scale and applies no smoothing at all; Stochastic reports 0–100 and smooths twice, and publishes a signal line. In practice %R is the faster, noisier member of the pair, which is why it shows up in scalping strategies.
- Why is the scale negative?
- Larry Williams defined it as the distance from the highest high down to the close, expressed as a negative percentage of the range. A close at the very top gives 0 and a close at the very bottom gives −100. It carries no meaning beyond the convention, but it does mean a comparison copied from a Stochastic rule will be backwards.
- What levels should I use?
- −20 and −80 are conventional and map onto Stochastic's 80/20. They are your levels, not indicator inputs — iWPR takes only a period. On a short period %R touches both extremes constantly, so widening to −10/−90 or lengthening the period usually matters more than moving the levels a little.
- Does Williams %R have an applied-price setting?
- No. The calculation needs the highest high, the lowest low and the close together, so there is no single series to pick. MQL5's iWPR takes only a period.
- Can I build a Williams %R EA without coding?
- Yes for level rules and centreline crosses — one %R node plus a Compare, with the period as an EA input. The Williams Scalper template also shows the execution filters a short-horizon strategy needs. Divergence is the exception and requires custom MQL5.
- How should I validate settings before going live?
- Backtest on quality tick data first, then run the EA on a demo account before risking money. When optimising, hold back data the search never saw and prefer settings that stay profitable across periods over the single in-sample peak — chasing that peak is overfitting the noise. On short-horizon strategies also check that the spread and execution assumptions in the test resemble your broker's, because a 20-pip target has no room for optimism.
Bài viết liên quan
Glossary